A speaking outline is the outline you will prepare for use when delivering the speech. The speaking outline is much more succinct than the preparation outline and includes brief phrases or words that remind the speakers of the points they need to make, plus supporting material and signposts. Although some cases call for reading a speech verbatim from the full-sentence outline, in most cases speakers will simply refer to their speaking outline for quick reminders and to ensure that they do not omit any important information.
Because it uses just words or short phrases, and not full sentences, the speaking outline can easily be transferred to index cards that can be referenced during a speech. Because an outline is used to arrange all of the elements of your speech, it makes sense that the outline itself has an organizational hierarchy and a common format.
Although there are a variety of outline styles, generally they follow the same pattern. Sub-points are preceded by capital letters A, B, C, etc. Each level of subordination is also differentiated from its predecessor by indenting a few spaces. Indenting makes it easy to find your main points, sub-points, and the supporting points and examples below them. Since there are three sections to your speech— introduction, body, and conclusion— your outline needs to include all of them.
Each of these sections is titled and the main points start with Roman numeral I. Specific Purpose Statement: To inform listeners about the various ways in which they can organize their public speeches.
Thesis Statement: A variety of organizational styles can used to organize public speeches. Introduction Paragraph that gets the attention of the audience, establishes goodwill with the audience, states the purpose of the speech, and previews the speech and its structure. Conclusion Paragraph that prepares the audience for the end of the speech, presents any final appeals, and summarizes and wraps up the speech.
In addition to these formatting suggestions, there are some additional elements that should be included at the beginning of your outline: the title, topic, specific purpose statement, and thesis statement.
These elements are helpful to you, the speechwriter, since they remind you what, specifically, you are trying to accomplish in your speech. They are also helpful to anyone reading and assessing your outline since knowing what you want to accomplish will determine how they perceive the elements included in your outline. Additionally, you should write out the transitional statements that you will use to alert audiences that you are moving from one point to another.
These are included in parentheses between main points. At the end of the outlines, you should include bibliographic information for any outside resources you mention during the speech. These should be cited using whatever citations style your professor requires. This chapter contains the preparation and speaking outlines for a short speech the author of this chapter gave about how small organizations can work on issues related to climate change see appendices. First, think about the three cornerstones to your speech or presentation: the speaker you ; your subject; and your audience.
Now, think about the relationships between these three cornerstones and make some notes about each. For example,. Speaker — Subject: What do you know about the subject? Why are you speaking about it?
What expertise do you have? What insights can you share with the audience? Audience — Subject: What does the audience know about the subject? Do they like the subject? Do they not like it? How is the subject relevant for the audience?
Speaker — Audience: What do you know about the people who will attend your presentation? What do they know about you? Do you have any ongoing relationship with them? What is your objective for the talk? What do you want people to do when have finished speaking?
People often tell me that they just want the audience to know something. The most powerful speeches and presentations are the ones that move people to action. If you can get people to take some concrete action, you will have made an impact. When thinking about what you want the audience to do, be specific. Write out your objective as follows:.
A speech or presentation should have a message, something that holds it together. The French call this le fil rouge — the red thread — that runs through the entirety of the presentation. People often try to pack in several messages but being too informative is not good; the result is often confusing for those listening. Of course, your message can have different parts, but it should have a single, unifying message.
Write the message of your speech in a single sentence. It must be a grammatically correct sentence, not a series of points. When you can distill your speech or presentation into a single sentence, the message will be clear in your mind. If you cannot, you need to spend more time thinking about the message. When developing your speech outline in the steps below, use the message as a gauge for everything that goes into the speech. As you develop your talk, as you think about adding a slide, a statistic, a story, a chart, a graph, etc.
If it does, it can stay. A speech or presentation is never about the speaker or her product or service or company. It is always about the audience. Now that you have your message, list the reasons why your audience should care about your message. How is your message relevant to them? You need at least one reason. Either you are giving the wrong speech or you are speaking to the wrong audience.
Go back to Step 3 and reconsider your message in light of Steps 1 and 2. Keep doing this until you can list one or more reasons why people should care about what you are saying. Every speech or presentation needs structure in order for it to have an impact. There are three basic parts to ever speech or presentation: the opening; the body; and the conclusion. For the purposes of this post, I will discuss them in that order.
However, when working on your speech outline, I recommend starting with the body, then working on the opening and finally the conclusion. Your opening is the introduction to your presentation. You get one chance to make a good first impression, so you want your opening to be strong. Preparation is key. A strong opening has two parts. There is no rule that introducing yourself has to be the first thing you do. Show it in your smile and enthusiasm. Whatever you choose, be sure that it relates to the topic of your presentation.
Once you have hooked them, you need to let people know where you are going with your presentation. Otherwise, the audience will get frustrated. Have you ever been in the audience and wondered: Where is he going with this?
You need to signpost your talk. It is a simple, informative statement of what the talk is about. The body of your presentation is where you develop your message in detail. This part represents the bulk of you presentation, so you need to give it some thought. You need content for your presentation. Often, you can talk about many points in support of your message. Write them all down.
Write down everything that you could talk about, no matter how insignificant. Try to distill each idea into a word or short phrase. When you have finished, your preparation should leave you with a sheet full of ideas.
You are now ready for the next step. Leonardo da Vinci said that simplicity is the ultimate sophistication. Too often, speakers fail to hit the mark because they try to cover too much information. People can only remember so much information. The more you add, the harder it will be for them to remember. Removing information will actually help them. Of course, the number of points you cover will depend on how much time you have. You can cover more topics in a minute presentation that you can in a 5-minute presentation.
What are the main points? Use these samples to help prepare your speech outlines and bibliographies:. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge.
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