Keywords: Biography , Cell theory. Rudolf Carl Virchow — Rudolf Carl Virchow lived in nineteenth century Prussia, now Germany, and proposed that omnis cellula e cellula , which translates to each cell comes from another cell, and which became a fundamental concept for cell theory.
Sources Brown, Theodore M. Cardiff, Robert D. Ward, and Stephen W. Mazzarello, Paolo. Pearce, J. Scarani, Paolo. Schultz, Myron. Virchow, Rudolf. Berlin, Cellular Pathology: Physiological and Pathological Histology. Chance, Frank, trans. Philadelphia: J.
Lippincott, Printer-friendly version PDF version. The report did not sit well with the monarchist Prussian government. A short time later in , a short-lived revolution occurred in Prussia, and Virchow and other liberals took an active role in manning barricades.
During this period he concentrated industriously on his research. In this early period of pathology, many disease processes were still poorly understood. Virchow, together with Robert Remak, categorically stated that cells were derived from other cells, and therefore, pathological cells were also derived from other pathological cells.
He also described the presence of amyloid in certain disease conditions and congenital skull deformities. This latter research led to a lifelong interest in anthropology. In Virchow returned to Berlin and became director of the new Pathological Institute, which became a center of pathology research.
Virchow also became actively involved in politics and in was elected to the Berlin City Council. He focused his political attention on public health, sewage disposal, meat inspection he discovered trichinoses , and hygiene.
In he was appointed heath advisor to the Prussian government. With friends he founded the German Progressive Party in He was elected to the Prussian Diet in , where he irritated the conservative chancellor, Otto Von Bismarck.
Bismarck challenged Virchow to a duel, which he declined. Following the union of Prussia and Germany in , Virchow served in the Reichstag from — Virchow remained active in politics for the rest of his life.
As his career progressed, Virchow published a large volume of work on a wide variety of pathological subjects. While some of his publications reflected his own research and observations, some took and improved upon the ideas of others in the field. He gave the first report on corpora amylacea ; reported on amyloid in kidney and ovaries ; and described myelin, leucine, and tyrosine in He published papers on syphilis, tuberculosis, rickets, osteomalacia, and parasitology.
Virchow traveled widely around Europe aided by the 8 languages he spoke. Terms he introduced into pathology include chromatin, agenesis, parenchyma, osteoid, amyloid degeneration, and spina bifida. From its beginning, his journal was 1 of the leading pathology publications, with breakthrough articles by other pathologists on such subjects as the role of bacteria in anthrax and amoeba in dysentery. As editor, he was one of the first to review new ideas as they became available.
He knew leading pathologists and clinicians of his time. The Norwegian government invited him to visit and study leprosy in that country, and these studies continued in Spain and Portugal. He was skeptical about the views of Darwin on evolution, and was cool to the germ theory.
Virchow was not the first to study diseased tissues microscopically, but he was the first to recommend a systemic microscopic study of tissues.
Likewise, Virchow recommended a complete autopsy, since previous pathologists only studied those tissues and organs as directed by clinicians. Virchow was also an anthropologist. He used his studies of craniometry as a scientific basis to combat what he called "Nordic mysticism," the idea that the Aryan race was more intelligent or somehow superior to other races.
Virchow was also a politician, serving in the German Reichstag from , using his position to advocate for public healthcare projects. He was opposed to what he regarded as Otto von Bismark's excessive military expenditures. This so angered the Iron Chancellor that he challenged Virchow to a duel.
According to legend, Virchow chose as weapons two pork sausages, one of which was infected with the larvae of the roundworm Trichinella. The combatants would each choose and eat a sausage.
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