The pineal body is located below the corpus callosum, in the middle of the brain. It produces the hormone melatonin, which helps the body know when it's time to sleep. The pituitary gland is located below the brain. Usually no larger than a pea, the gland controls many functions of the other endocrine glands.
Thyroid and parathyroid. The thyroid gland and parathyroid glands are located in front of the neck, below the larynx voice box. The thyroid plays an important role in the body's metabolism. The parathyroid glands play an important role in the regulation of the body's calcium balance.
They secrete hormones called androgens pronounced: AN-druh-junz , the most important of which is testosterone pronounced: tess-TOSS-tuh-rone. These hormones tell a guy's body when it's time to make the changes associated with puberty, like penis and height growth, deepening voice, and growth in facial and pubic hair. Working with hormones from the pituitary gland, testosterone also tells a guy's body when it's time to make sperm in the testes.
A girl's gonads , the ovaries pronounced: OH-vuh-reez , are in her pelvis. Estrogen is involved when a girl starts puberty. During puberty, a girl will have breast growth, start to accumulate body fat around the hips and thighs, and have a growth spurt. Estrogen and progesterone are also involved in the regulation of a girl's menstrual cycle. These hormones also play a role in pregnancy.
Pancreas: The pancreas pronounced: PAN-kree-us makes insulin pronounced: IN-suh-lin and glucagon pronounced: GLOO-kuh-gawn , which are hormones that control the level of glucose , or sugar, in the blood. Insulin helps keep the body supplied with stores of energy. The body uses this stored energy for exercise and activity, and it also helps organs work as they should. Reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD. Larger text size Large text size Regular text size.
What Is the Endocrine System? What Does the Endocrine System Do? Endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream. This lets the hormones travel to cells in other parts of the body. The endocrine hormones help control mood, growth and development, the way our organs work, metabolism , and reproduction.
The endocrine system regulates how much of each hormone is released. This can depend on levels of hormones already in the blood, or on levels of other substances in the blood, like calcium. Many things affect hormone levels, such as stress, infection, and changes in the balance of fluid and minerals in blood. What Are the Parts of the Endocrine System? This can be caused by a range of things, including autoimmune conditions.
Treatment depends on how severe the condition is, as well as its underlying cause. Options include medications, radioiodine therapy, or surgery. Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder and common form of hyperthyroidism. In people with Graves disease, the immune system attacks the thyroid, which causes it to produce more thyroid hormone than normal.
Like hyperthyroidism, it has many potential causes. Cushing syndrome happens due to high levels of the hormone cortisol. Treatment depends on the cause of the condition and can include medications, radiation therapy, or surgery. Some symptoms of Addison disease include:. People with diabetes have too much glucose in their blood high blood sugar. There are two types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Treatment for diabetes can include blood sugar monitoring , insulin therapy , and medications.
Lifestyle changes, such as getting regular exercise and eating a balanced diet, can also help. The endocrine system is a complex collection of glands and organs that helps to regulate various bodily functions. This is accomplished through the release of hormones, or chemical messengers produced by the endocrine system.
Hormones like estrogen and testosterone are crucial to your heath, and a hormonal imbalance can cause symptoms like acne and weight gain. Learn more. Low estrogen is typically seen in younger women and women approaching menopause.
Learn how to identify the symptoms, what causes it, and more. An ALD test measures the amount of the hormone aldosterone your blood. Too much aldosterone can be an indicator of a variety of medical conditions.
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